They are surgical treatment methods applied for eyelid bags, eyelid drooping, eyelid ptosis, nasolachrymal sac obstruction, and eye and eyelid tumours.
All of the surgical procedures related to the treatment of a group of diseases widely and commonly seen in ophthalmology gather under this title.

It forms the mutual field of interest of plastic and skin surgeons and eye surgeons.

Eyelid Problems

Eyelids undergo some changes as a result of aging. These are under eye bags, excess skin and drooping in the upper lids and crow’s feet. For these orbital changes, an aesthetic eyelid surgery called “blepharoplasty”.

Eyelid Ptosis

The upper eye lid drooping is called “ptosis”. Eyelid drooping may be seen in all ages. Its treatment is through operations.

Entropion

The condition in which eyelids turn inwards is called "entropion". Entropion is generally seen in the lower eye lid. It may be also encountered in the upper eyelid very rarely. While entropion is mostly caused by eyelid relaxations due to aging, it may be resulted from scars or may be congenital. Its treatment is through operations.

Ectropion

The condition in which eyelids turn outwards is called "ectropion". Ectropion is generally seen in the lower eye lid. While ectropion is mostly caused by eyelid relaxations due to aging, it may be resulted from scars or facial nerve paralyses. The treatment of ectropion in the lower eye lid is through operations.

Chalazion

They are the pores in the roots of eyelashes and ends of sebaceous glands in eyelids. As a result of obstruction of these pores due to reasons such as fattening, make-ups, and infections, swelling and inflammation occur in the sebaceous gland in the posterior. Its turning into a cyst over time is called chalazion. In the first stage drops with antibiotics are used to prevent infections. Warm medical dressings are applied. Warm medical dressings may ensure that inflammatory tissues be organised and pores in the roots of eyelashes be expanded and drain. However they it is not treated sufficiently and in time, the body produces cysts around the inflammatory tissues over time. It may be required that this be surgically evacuated and the cyst be removed.

Xanthelasma

Xanthelasma is generally a plaque of fat-cholesterol seen in women. It is seen in inner sides of upper and lower eyelids. In xanthelasma seen at young ages, existence of high cholesterol should be questioned. Its treatment is through operations. In such eyelid surgeries, no surgical scar is left as the skin is thin and builds up much blood.

Eyelid Masses

Masses emerging in eyelids may be malignant or non-malignant. Treatment of such masses is mostly through operations. Any masses taken should be sent for pathological examination.

Trichiasis

The condition in which eyelashes grow back towards the eye is called “trichiasis”. It may be seen in long lasting infections and eyelid diseases. Eyelashes that have grown back lead to a feeling of discomfort and stinging in the eye as well as unaesthetic appearance. These eyelashes rub against the cornea and damages the cornea. They may decrease vision by leading to permanent marks in the cornea. Its treatment is as follows: eyelashes that have grown back are pulled off with tweezers; roots of the eyelashes that have grown back are cauterised; roots of the eyelashes that have grown back are frozen with a device called “cryo”.

Nasolachrymal Duct Obstruction

The lachrymal fluid moisturising the eye flows through the small ducts in the interior of the eye towards the nose. The disease is encountered as a result of the obstruction of this duct mostly in the lower part of the nasolachrymal sac. Nasolachrymal Duct Obstructions are seen most frequently in infants in the first one year, middle-aged and over middle-aged women, people with crooked noses and as a result of long lasting nasal infections and allergies. The lacrima flows from the eyelid towards the cheek as it cannot pass into the nose. Nasolachrymal duct obstruction also leads to frequent infections in the eyes. Symptoms of Nasolachrymal Duct Obstruction and Infection; Excessive Watering, Eyes frequently becoming crusty, Inflammation coming to the eye upon pressing on the nasal root, Swelling in the nasal root. Treatment of Nasolachrymal Duct Obstruction in Infants: in the first year, massage applications are performed. The massage is applied by rubbing downwards the nasal root. This massage should be applied for 5 minutes 3-4 times a day. The possibility for the duct to open through massages by itself is about 95%. As the eye becomes crusty, eye drops with antibiotics are used. Treatment of Nasolachrymal Duct Obstruction in adults: laser or surgery.

Eye Prosthesis

Eye prostheses are used in cases where the eye is surgically removed as a result of accidents or diseases. These prostheses do not enable vision, but provide an aesthetically good appearance. Eyes that have lost their sight are taken when they create an aesthetically unpleasant appearance or they cause pains.